{"id":11127,"date":"2022-11-05T19:06:08","date_gmt":"2022-11-05T18:06:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/?p=11127"},"modified":"2022-11-05T19:14:57","modified_gmt":"2022-11-05T18:14:57","slug":"wind-turbines","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/2022\/11\/05\/wind-turbines\/","title":{"rendered":"Wind turbines, cement, plastics, steel and the Industrial Age"},"content":{"rendered":"

Wind turbines are often the subject of heated discussions between those in favour and those against. I do not particularly want to jump into that debate but I thought that spending a bit of time trying to understand how things really work might be useful to me and maybe some of my readers.<\/p>\n

Wind Turbines and the Industrial Age<\/h2>\n

This is an account of our latest visit to Le Havre<\/a> and its harbour, last July 3 years after our 2019 trip, before the dreaded pangolin took two years out of our life span. A new industry is developing over there, and it\u2019s sprawling.<\/p>\n

\"Wind<\/p>\n

They store those wind turbines over there like humongous amphorae that they will later sink to the bottom of the sea.<\/p>\n

Those amphorae are lined up on this island and look like a collection of vases in a shop window. The flowers that will be fitted in them are even bigger. One makes these flowers of steel, concrete and plastics.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Wind Turbines and Cars in the Foreground<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

As we approached the end of the harbour, it became easier for us to see those giants and fathom their size. I deliberately shot them from afar with the cars in the foreground. I moved my bike as close to the anglers as possible, so as not to miss anything.<\/p>\n

Travelling Light<\/h3>\n

As I was travelling by bike, I had only taken my lightweight Nikon\u00a0Z7 with me and its tiny weeny 40\u00a0mm f\/2 lens. The picture above wasn\u2019t cropped (it\u2019s a full-fledged 8K job and the EXIF data is available here<\/a>).<\/p>\n

\"Wind<\/p>\n

\"WindFor the benefit of my readers, here\u2019s a blow-up (above) of those wind turbines on the right-hand side.<\/p>\n

I can well imagine these crates at the bottom of these things being the size of man.<\/p>\n

What are wind turbines made of?<\/h3>\n

Probably bigger than a human being in fact (see on the right). You may imagine how tall these things are when they are fully mounted.<\/p>\n

In this instance, we\u2019re only seeing the foundation that is sitting at the bottom of the sea. The rest of the turbine is just massive. We came across a few blades that were stored on the ground but the fence prevented me from taking any decent pictures.<\/p>\n

They are even more massive.<\/p>\n

\"Wind
They were maybe a tad smaller than that though\u2009\u2013\u2009image by Aram Boghosian for GE Renewable Energy via CNBC<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

I find these big industrial sites amazing and fascinating as well as somewhat frightening. This is probably why it makes for good photography.<\/p>\n

I\u2019ve asked myself a few questions after seeing that.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Wind turbines are touted as green. But what are they made of?\u2009\u2013\u2009image by the Renewable Energy Hub<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Let\u2019s Delve a little deeper and find out about the list of components of wind turbines. Semprius have answered that question for us in a very detailed article<\/a>.<\/p>\n

What are wind turbine blades made of?<\/strong><\/p>\n

The blades of a wind turbine are made of a composite material composed of glass fabric and carbon fibre infused with a liquid plastic resin. This material offers the best strength to weight ratio and can withstand the extreme pressures that come with constant rotation. The ratio of material changes depending on the size of the turbine and its environment.<\/p>\n

Definition by Semprius<\/a><\/p>\n

200 tons of steel for every MW of installed generating capacity<\/h3>\n

Apparently, most people think that one makes those blades out of aluminium. As a matter of fact, one used to, but no longer because of the weight of aluminium (a highly energy-intensive<\/a> product anyway).<\/p>\n

As it happens, at that time I was reading\u00a0Vaclav Smil\u2019s How the World Really Works\u00a0<\/em>opus. Smil is, as usual, very pedantic in his descriptions. He leaves nothing aside. Here is what he thinks of \u2018green\u2019 electricity production.<\/p>\n

No structures are more obvious symbols of \u2018green\u2019 electricity generation than large wind turbines\u2009\u2013\u2009but these enormous accumulations of steel, cement, and plastics are also embodiments of fossil fuels. Their foundations are reinforced concrete<\/strong>, their towers, nacelles, and rotors are steel (altogether nearly 200 tons of it for every megawatt of installed generating capacity<\/strong>), and their massive blades are energy-intensive<\/strong>\u2009\u2013\u2009and difficult to recycle<\/strong>\u2009\u2013\u2009plastic resins (about 15 tons of them for a midsize turbine)<\/strong>. All of these giant parts<\/strong> must be brought to the installation sites by outsized trucks and erected by large steel cranes<\/strong>, and turbine gearboxes must be repeatedly lubricated with oil.<\/div>\n

There\u2019s probably more to it but I suspect you\u2019ve had enough at this point.<\/p>\n

Multicoloured containers from South-East Asia<\/h3>\n

Let\u2019s focus on other symbols of the Industrial Age, those multicoloured containers from Korea, China and Japan.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Containers in the Le Havre harbour.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
That was our trip to the harbour.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

We then jumped on our bikes and went back home across the harbour and all the way uphill.\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n

God knows who will pay and when for what we\u2019ve done to this poor planet of ours.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Wind turbines are often the subject of heated discussions between those in favour and those against. I do not particularly want to jump into that debate but I thought that spending a bit of time trying to understand how things really work might be useful to me and maybe some of my readers. Wind Turbines […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60439,"featured_media":11138,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"dois","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[11201],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-landscape-photography"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"\nWind turbines, cement, plastics, steel and the Industrial Age<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wind turbines are often subject of debates between those in favour and those against. 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The US\u00a0Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy has this story on their site: Properly sited and operated wind turbines lead\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Color Photography"","block_context":{"text":"Color Photography","link":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/category\/photography\/color-photography\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"the environment","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/farm8.staticflickr.com\/7305\/9695935394_f631553de2_c.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/farm8.staticflickr.com\/7305\/9695935394_f631553de2_c.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/farm8.staticflickr.com\/7305\/9695935394_f631553de2_c.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":9865,"url":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/2021\/11\/14\/autumn-leaves-in-aix-les-bains\/","url_meta":{"origin":11127,"position":1},"title":"Autumn leaves in Aix les Bains","author":"Yann Gourvennec","date":"November 14, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Autumn leaves is a recurring theme,\u00a0and now is the right period for this kind of pictures. Here's a series of shots taken on October 31 in Aix les Bains. Above, a beautiful 1900s building. I really need to get rid of these awful green posts on the right though. It's\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Landscape Photography"","block_context":{"text":"Landscape Photography","link":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/category\/photography\/landscape-photography\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/51646737073_10784f2775_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/51646737073_10784f2775_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/51646737073_10784f2775_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/51646737073_10784f2775_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/51646737073_10784f2775_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3981,"url":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/2019\/05\/25\/the-concrete-jungle\/","url_meta":{"origin":11127,"position":2},"title":"About Trees, Gardens And The Concrete Jungle","author":"Yann Gourvennec","date":"May 25, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"A concrete jungle: The area where trees and gardens once planted their roots, concrete stands and blocks their view. This is a follow-up blog post to my previous story about the Arcueil allotments. You remember Gis\u00e8le's garden. What I liked best is this little basket and its broom. Not sure\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Photography"","block_context":{"text":"Photography","link":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/category\/photography\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/46803866265_7c7520c2a0_k-e1558766407896.jpg?fit=1000%2C290&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/46803866265_7c7520c2a0_k-e1558766407896.jpg?fit=1000%2C290&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/46803866265_7c7520c2a0_k-e1558766407896.jpg?fit=1000%2C290&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/46803866265_7c7520c2a0_k-e1558766407896.jpg?fit=1000%2C290&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13317,"url":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/2023\/06\/08\/liberty-after-the-lockdown\/","url_meta":{"origin":11127,"position":3},"title":"Life After the Lockdown","author":"Emilie Leger","date":"June 8, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Liberty after the Lockdown Liberty is ours... sort of. We're done with the lockdown. We no longer need to carry our papers around and justify why we need to go out. No need to explain why we're going to the grocer's or take a stroll. The air feels different, it\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Photography"","block_context":{"text":"Photography","link":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/category\/photography\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/49878215436_f70861d597_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/49878215436_f70861d597_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/49878215436_f70861d597_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/49878215436_f70861d597_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/49878215436_f70861d597_k.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3128,"url":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/2017\/08\/18\/sunflowers\/","url_meta":{"origin":11127,"position":4},"title":"Ooh, Shiny Sunflowers!","author":"Yann Gourvennec","date":"August 18, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"When I read Andrea\u2019s challenge piece today entitled \"Ooh, Shiny!\" I thought \"Ooh, No!\" because I wasn\u2019t sure I would be able to find anything to show for today. Then I realised that there is something that always keeps me distracted all Summers and it\u2019s sunflowers \ud83c\udf3b. When I created\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Photography"","block_context":{"text":"Photography","link":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/category\/photography\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/20211677394_c2b9260a0d_k-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/20211677394_c2b9260a0d_k-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/20211677394_c2b9260a0d_k-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/20211677394_c2b9260a0d_k-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/20211677394_c2b9260a0d_k-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C801&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":14251,"url":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/2023\/07\/04\/the-effect-of-ai-on-photography-and-beyond\/","url_meta":{"origin":11127,"position":5},"title":"The Effect of AI on Photography (and Beyond)","author":"Emilie Leger","date":"July 4, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Will AI take over photography? Photography has been around for more than a century, the creativity and technicality are what keeps photographers in business. What happens now that we have generative artificial intelligence applications that can create photos in seconds? AI and Generative Artificial Intelligence in Photography \u00a0What are the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Photography"","block_context":{"text":"Photography","link":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/category\/photography\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"AI on photography","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ygourven_the_impact_of_gen_AI_on_photography_3_ba058169-2ade-446f-b2c9-206b419217dd.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ygourven_the_impact_of_gen_AI_on_photography_3_ba058169-2ade-446f-b2c9-206b419217dd.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ygourven_the_impact_of_gen_AI_on_photography_3_ba058169-2ade-446f-b2c9-206b419217dd.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ygourven_the_impact_of_gen_AI_on_photography_3_ba058169-2ade-446f-b2c9-206b419217dd.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/antimuseum.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ygourven_the_impact_of_gen_AI_on_photography_3_ba058169-2ade-446f-b2c9-206b419217dd.png?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60439"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11127"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11177,"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11127\/revisions\/11177"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11138"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antimuseum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}